We have analyzed in this paper issues such as the reaffirmation of the principle of freedom of navigation on the Danube by the Peace Treaty of 1947, the adoption of the Belgrade Convention of 18 August 1948 and the regulation of navigation on the Danube by the provisions in the content of this international legal instrument, as well as new regional realities related to the EU integration of eastern Europe borderline (Romania and Bulgaria). We have highlighted the need to modernize and improve the activity of the Danube Commission determined by the Danube`s perspective of waterway artery of the EU and the revision of the Belgrade Convention. For the elaboration of the paper we have used as research methods the analysis of the mentioned issues from the doctrine point of view in the specialized treaties and papers, documentary research, interpretation of legal rules in the field.